An Introduction to Jonathan Edwards

Joe Rigney is Assistant Professor of Theology and Christian Worldview at Bethlehem College and Seminary where he teaches undergraduates in the Christian Worldview Program and courses on Jonathan Edwards. Here is a lecture of his which provides an introduction to the life, theology, writings and legacy of Jonathan Edwards.

Lecture time-markers —

04:14 — 1. Edwards on the Trinity

14:06 — 2. Edwards on Creation

18:27 — 3. Edwards on God’s End in Creation

32:06 — Conclusion

Q&A time-markers —

34:04 — Edwards on typology

37:56 — First recommended Edwards books to read

39:55 — Edwards on God’s direct creation and the place of causality

43:00 — Edwards and the classical tradition (Aristotle, Augustine, etc)

45:27 — Dante, Locke, and Edwards’s influences

47:02 — Edwards on spiders

49:14 — Edwards’s faults and weaknesses

51:36 — The Great Awakening and how Edwards processed it

56:46 — The Enlightenment and its influence on Edwards

59:40 — Edwards’s legacy

What does “you are gods” mean?

An old heresy, suggests that men can become gods. This is the doctrine espoused by the LDS (Mormons) and other cult groups. I will let an excerpt from Dr. James White’s book “Is the Mormon my Brother?” show the context and true meaning of the text.

Dr. White writes:

John chapter ten is one of the most beautiful in all of Scripture, for it speaks of the Lord Jesus’ relationship to His people in the terms of the Shepherd and His sheep. In the midst of talking about the glorious salvation that belongs to those who know and trust Christ, Jesus asserts that He and the Father are one in their bringing about the final and full salvation of all those who are given by the Father to the Son (vv. 28-30). When the Lord says, “I and the Father are one,”[1] He offends the Jews, who realize that such a claim implies deity. No mere creature can be fully one with the Father in bringing about redemption itself! This prompts the dialogue that concerns us here:

“I and the Father are one.” The Jews picked up stones again to stone Him. Jesus answered them, “I showed you many good works from the Father; for which of them are you stoning Me?” The Jews answered Him, “For a good work we do not stone You, but for blasphemy; and because You, being a man, make Yourself out to be God.” Jesus answered them, “Has it not been written in your Law, ‘I SAID, YOU ARE GODS’? If he called them gods, to whom the word of God came (and the Scripture cannot be broken), do you say of Him, whom the Father sanctified and sent into the world, ‘You are blaspheming,’ because I said, ‘I am the Son of God’?” (John 10:30-36)

The use of this passage in LDS literature is widespread. “I said, you are gods” is used to substantiate the idea of a plurality of gods, and men becoming gods. Yet, even a brief review of the passage demonstrates that such is hardly a worthy interpretation, and some of the leading LDS apologists today avoid trying to press the passage that far, and for good reason.[2] The unbelieving Jews seen in this passage, with murder in their hearts, are hardly good candidates for exaltation to godhood. What is more, the Lord Jesus uses the present tense when He says, “You are gods.” So, obviously, He is not identifying His attackers as divine beings, worthy of worship by their eventual celestial offspring! What, then, is going on here?

When we allow the text to speak for itself, the meaning comes across clearly. As usual the context is determinative. The Jewish leaders were acting as Jesus’ judges. They were accusing Him of blasphemy, of breaking God’s law. Their role as judges in this instance is determinative, for the Lord is going to cite a passage about judges from the Old Testament. The Jews make it plain that they understand Jesus’ words to contain an implicit claim of equality with God (v. 33). It is at this point that the Lord quotes from Psalm 82:6, which contains the important words, “I said you are gods.” But when we go back to the passage from which this is taken (and surely the Jewish leaders would have known the context themselves), we find an important truth:

God takes His stand in His own congregation; He judges in the midst of the rulers. How long will you judge unjustly and show partiality to the wicked? Vindicate the weak and fatherless; do justice to the afflicted and destitute. Rescue the weak and needy; deliver them out of the hand of the wicked. They do not know nor do they understand; they walk about in darkness; all the foundations of the earth are shaken. I said, “You are gods, and all of you are sons of the Most High.” (Psalm 82:1-6)
Continue reading

Book Review

As my new book is now published and being read, it has been very gratifying to receive feedback from people telling me how helpful the material has been. Obviously an author writes for the purpose of being read and my prayer is that if God so wills, the book will be a useful tool in the Master’s hands to allow many of His precious saints to gain more of an understanding of the depth, riches and power of God’s measureless grace in Christ.

Pastor Earl Crecelius has written the following as a review:

Well this post isn’t from my Nook, but it’s from a book I’ve been reading on my Nook: Twelve What Abouts: Answering Common Objections Concerning God’s Sovereignty in Election, by John Samson. He has many quotes from other authors which are memorable, such as this from Spurgeon: Men will allow God to be everywhere except on His throne. Or this from A. A. Hodge, in response to the objection that if salvation is by God’s election alone, evangelism is useless:

If God has eternally decreed that you should live, what is the use of your breathing? If God has eternally decreed that you should talk, what is the use of your opening your mouth? If God has eternally decreed that you should reap a crop, what is the use of your sowing the seed? If God has eternally decreed that your stomach contain food, what is the use of your eating?

I do enjoy a snappy theologian! But Samson himself has some good stuff to say. Here’s how he characterizes the “pendulum swing” of an over emphasis on the wrath of God to an over emphasis on the love of God:

Though at one stage in Church history, the Church over-emphasized the wrath and judgment of God…yet now the pendulum has fully swung the other way and all that many people have ever heard about is a very shallow and unbiblical presentation of the love of God. I remember some time ago reading through the book of Acts taking special notice of the preaching of the Apostles. What was it that they preached? What did they emphasize? What was the sum and substance of the Apostles’ preaching? I was more than shocked when this process revealed that…now wait for it…the Apostles never mentioned the love of God…not even once. This is not to say that God doesn’t love people. Far from it. But it was quite a shock to my thinking to realize that the love of God was not in view, especially as it is the “only” thing in view of much of the Church world today.

The Twelve Objections Samson deals with are:

1.What about the love of God?
2.What about free will?
3.What about God’s foreknowledge?
4.What about John 3:16?
5.What about 2 Peter 3:9?
6.What about 1 Timothy 2:4?
7.What about Matthew 23:37?
8.What about 1 Timothy 4:10?
9.What about John 12:32?
10.What about Reprobation
11.What about lost loved ones?
12.What about prayer and evangelism?

His answers to these “what abouts” are fairly brief but quite Biblical. Easy to read, it will challenge your mind to think. You can buy it through Amazon or Monergism.

The paperback version of the book can now be preordered at the link to the right hand side of this page, and is due to be published by the end of February.