Monthly Archives: October 2011

Munus Triplex – The Triple Cure – Christ as Prophet, Priest and King

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In the Old Testament, a man could be a prophet, a priest or a King, but it was impossible to be all three. Yet Scripture attributes all three of these offices to Christ. To discover what He does for us as He fulfills these three differing roles is a wonderfully enriching biblical study.

As the ultimate revelation of the Prophet, Christ speaks the word of God to us; as Priest, He represents us fully to the Father and brings the supreme atoning sacrifice (of Himself) that placates the Father’s holy and just wrath against us for our sin; and as the conquering and reigning King, He is forever worthy of our worship and adoration. He is King of Kings and Lord of Lords.

Christ’s threefold office of Prophet, Priest, and King is a central teaching in Reformed Theology, but it is a much neglected theme in much of the modern day Church. The Latin theological term for this is Munus Triplex, also known as “the Triple Cure,” referring to these offices of Christ providing the remedy for us in our fallen condition.

As far as we can tell, it was Eusebius in his Ecclesiastical History (1.3.8) who first described the concept of these three fold offices of Christ. He said that Jesus is “the only high priest of all, and the only king of every creature, and the Father’s only supreme prophet of prophets.” Yet as with most things, it was John Calvin who made the concept widely known by his teaching in the Institutes:

“Therefore, in order that faith may find a firm basis for salvation in Christ, and thus rest in him, this principle must be laid down: the office enjoined upon Christ by the Father consists of three parts. For he was given to be prophet, king and priest.” – Institutes II. xv. 1

This concept was then taken up by others in the Reformation, including Herman Bavinck, as seen in this quote:

“…Christ, both as the Son and as the image of God, for Himself and also as our Mediator and Saviour, had to bear all three offices. He had to be a prophet to know and to disclose the truth of God; a priest, to devote Himself to God and, in our place, to offer Himself up to God; a king, to govern and protect us according to God’s will. To teach, to reconcile, and to lead; to instruct, to acquire and to apply salvation; wisdom, righteousness, and redemption; truth, love, and power – all three are essential to the completeness of our salvation. In Christ’s God-to-humanity relation, He is a prophet; in His humanity-to-God relation He is a priest; in His headship over all humanity He is a king. Rationalism acknowledges only His prophetic office; mysticism only His priestly office; millennialism only His royal office. But Scripture, consistently and simultaneously attributing all three offices to Him, describes Him as our chief prophet, our only [High] priest, and our eternal king. Though a king, He rules not by the sword but by His Word and Spirit. He is a prophet, but His word is power and really happens. He is a priest but lives by dying, conquers by suffering, and is all-powerful by His love. He is always all these things in conjunction, never the one without the other: mighty in speech and action as a king and full of grace and truth in His royal rule.”

The Westminster Shorter Catechism: refers to it in questions 23-26:

Q. 23. What offices doth Christ execute as our Redeemer?

A. Christ, as our Redeemer, executeth the offices of a prophet (Deut 18:18, Heb 1:1-2), of a priest (Heb 4:14-15, Heb 5:5-6),and of a king (Is 9:6-7, Lk 1:32-33, John 18:37, 1 Cor 15:25), both in his estate of humiliation and exaltation.

Q. 24. How doth Christ execute the office of a prophet?

A. Christ executeth the office of a prophet, in revealing to us, by his Word (Heb 2:3) and Spirit (1 Peter 1:11), the will of God for our salvation.

Q. 25. How doth Christ execute the office of a priest?

A. Christ executeth the office of a priest, in his once offering up of himself a sacrifice to satisfy divine justice (Acts 8:32-35), and reconcile us to God (Col 1:21-22), and in making continual intercession for us (Heb 9:24).

Q. 26. How doth Christ execute the office of a king?

A. Christ executeth the office of a king, in subduing us to himself, in ruling and defending us (Col 1:13), and in restraining and conquering all his and our enemies (Col 2:15).

Here is Dr. Kim Riddlebarger teaching on the three fold offices of Christ: Prophet, Priest and King:

I look to You

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Psalm 121:1 I lift up my eyes to the hills. From where does my help come? 2 My help comes from the LORD, who made heaven and earth.

This is a remarkably beautiful song by Whitney Houston. Whitney’s own personal struggles have been well documented in the media, but here she points us all to the One who does not just have the answer; He actually IS the answer. This song is a cry from the heart. Sometimes God brings us to the end of ourselves so that we can’t? turn anywhere else but to Him, and when we do, we find that He is all we ever needed.

As I lay me down
Heaven hear me now
I’m lost without a cause
After giving it my all

Winter storms have come
And darkened my sun
After all that I’ve been through
Who on earth can I turn to?

Chorus:
I look to you,
I look to you
After all my strength is gone
In you I can be strong
I look to you,
I look to you
And when melodies are gone In you I hear a song
I look to you

Have to lose my breath
There’s no more fighting left
Sinking to rise no more
Searching for that open door

And every road that I’ve taken
Led to my regret
And I don’t know if I’m go’nna make it
Nothing to do but lift my head

Chorus

My levees are broken
My walls are coming down on me
My rain is falling
Defeat is calling
I need you to set me free
Take me far away from the battle
I need you
Shine on me!

Chorus

… and what do we cling to when no earthly remedy is in sight?

Let Andrae Crouch remind us of the answer one more time…

“through it all, through it all, I’ve learned to trust in Jesus, I’ve learned to trust in God. Through it all, through it all, I’ve learned to depend upon His word.”

A Call to Anguish

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David Wilkerson went home to be with the Lord earlier this year. Though I would have some theological differences with him, there is no doubting that he was a true man of God. The fruit of his ministry is well known – decades of faithful service and countless people won to Christ.

One of the tests of true ministry is to question where it leaves us after encountering it. Did it leave us merely intellectually stimulated, filled up with head knowledge, or did it do more than that and leave us closer to God than before?

Some of us reformed people are right in the head but wrong in the heart. We have right and correct doctrine but yet we have cold and calloused hearts. We wax eloquent about the doctrines of grace but there is very little grace flowing from us to others. People who encounter us do not catch on fire for God, to burn with a Holy Spirit ignited passion, zealous for God and for people, aflame for the Gospel of Christ….and how indeed could they, for there is no evidence of a flicker of a flame in our own personal lives. Oh God, save and deliver us from passionless and lukewarm religion!

I can think of no greater acolade to give to a preacher than this one: This brief excerpt of a sermon by David Wilkerson spoke directly to my heart and provoked in me a burning desire to seek God for Himself.

Today, if you also hear His voice in this, do not harden your heart.

It is time to seek the Lord.

What He does for us

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One can stand in a Swiss Alpine valley and be mesmerized by looking upwards at the rugged majesty of a single mountain peak on display.

One can also take a plane ride over the entire Alpine range and from the plane’s window see that what was intriguing and totally captivating from the ground, is but one stunning enchantment amongst a thousand others of equal splendor. To gaze upwards from the ground as well as downwards from above, is to see the Alps as they should be seen. I have had the joy of doing both.

I love the Alpine mountains of Switzerland. I also love Romans chapter eight.

It is easy to run out of superlatives when describing the amazing insights contained in the passage. Sometimes though, perhaps even because each word and each sentence is so poignant and pregnant with meaning, we can fail to see the grandeur of the larger picture. As we scrutinize each word, we see intricate and stunning beauty; but when we take a step back, so to speak, and view the passage as a whole, a breath taking truth emerges.

The big picture from verses 26 to 38 is the unfolding revelation of God’s love for His people. These are the ones He chose to draw to Himself even before the world was ever made. God’s plan would never be thwarted, despite all the opposition hell could fashion against it. Though these same elect ones endure famine, nakedness or sword; and though they face everything life, death and all that satanic principalties might throw their way, these loved ones remain super conquerors through the One who loved them. Nothing can separate them from the love of God.

As the text is outlined before us now, allow me just to highlight in bold capitals the phrases that show just what God is doing for His elect:

26 Likewise the Spirit helps US in our weakness. For WE do not know what to pray for as we ought, but the Spirit himself intercedes for US with groanings too deep for words. 27 And he who searches hearts knows what is the mind of the Spirit, because THE SPIRIT INTERCEDES FOR THE SAINTS according to the will of God. 28 And WE know that FOR THOSE WHO LOVE GOD all things work together for good for THOSE WHO ARE CALLED ACCORDING TO HIS PURPOSE. 29 For THOSE WHOM HE FOREKNEW he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among MANY BROTHERS. 30 And THOSE WHOM HE PREDESTINED he also called, and THOSE WHOM HE CALLED he also justified, and THOSE WHOM HE JUSTIFIED HE ALSO GLORIFIED.

31 What then shall we say to these things? If God is for US, who can be against US?

32 He who did not spare his own Son but GAVE HIM UP FOR US ALL, how will he not also with him GRACIOUSLY GIVE US ALL THINGS? 33 WHO SHALL BRING ANY CHARGE AGAINST GOD’S ELECT? It is God who justifies.

34 Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised— who is at the right hand of God, WHO INDEED IS INTERCEDING FOR US. 35 Who shall separate US from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or danger, or sword? 36 As it is written, “For your sake WE are being killed all the day long; WE are regarded as sheep to be slaughtered.”

37 No, in all these things WE are more than conquerors through him who loved US. 38 For I am sure that neither death nor life, nor angels nor rulers, nor things present nor things to come, nor powers, 39 nor height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate US from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord.

The Doctrine of the Trinity: No Christianity Without It

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By Kevin DeYoung, Senior Pastor at University Reformed Church in East Lansing, Michigan – original source: https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/blogs/kevin-deyoung/the-doctrine-of-the-trinity-no-christianity-without-it/

If any doctrine makes Christianity Christian, then surely it is the doctrine of the Trinity. The three great ecumenical creeds—the Apostles’ Creed, the Nicene Creed, and the Athanasian Creed—are all structured around our three in one God, underlying the essential importance of Trinitarian theology. Augustine once commented about the Trinity that “in no other subject is error more dangerous, or inquiry more laborious, or the discovery of truth more profitable.” More recently, Sinclair Ferguson has reflected on “the rather obvious thought that when his disciples were about to have the world collapse in on them, our Lord spent so much time in the Upper Room speaking to them about the mystery of the Trinity. If anything could underline the necessity of Trinitarianism for practical Christianity, that must surely be it!”

Yet, when it comes to the doctrine of the Trinity, most Christians are poor in their understanding, poorer in their articulation, and poorest of all in seeing any way in which the doctrine matters in real life. One theologian said, tongue in cheek, “The trinity is a matter of five notions or properties, four relations, three persons, two processions, one substance or nature, and no understanding.” All the talk of essence and persons and co-this and co-that seem like theological gobbledy-gook reserved for philosophers and scholars-maybe for thinky bookish types, but certainly not for moms and mechanics and middle-class college students.

So in a few hundred words let me try to explain what the doctrine of the Trinity means, where it is found in the Bible, and why it matters.
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